【Ubuntu系列】源管理 source.list

• 简介

  • 是一种文件，后缀名是.list，存储了包的安装源
  • 【问】什么是安装源？
  • 【答】源就相当于各种手机获取软件的商店，从这里可以获取到 apt 想要安装的所有包的 deb 文件，并自动安装

• 系统内的源

  • 保存位置

    cd /etc/apt && ls 
    

    cat sources.list
    

  • 重点看sources.list，默认内容如下:

    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic main
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates main
    

    • 这里bionic是最上面系统版本输出的Codename
  • 可以备份一个

    cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
    

• 添加更丰富的安装源

  • 需要把下面的内容追加到sources.list的最后面

  • 海外digitalocean

    deb http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse 
    deb http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    

  • 国内阿里

    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    

  • 解释

    • deb代表的网址:提供已编译过的包
    • deb-src代表的网址: 提供源码的包

• 更新文件到内存，使之生效

  sudo apt update